Dhoni

Akbar - The Great Mughal | Main Exercise Q&A

Class 8 History | Chapter - Akbar | Easy & Short Answers

1. Choose Correct Answer

a) Battle of Haldighati?
Ans: iv) 1576 CE - Akbar vs Maharana Pratap

b) Meaning of Sulh-i-Kul?
Ans: iv) universal peace - Peace with all religions

c) New Capital?
Ans: iv) Fatehpur Sikri - Near Agra

d) Land revenue was?
Ans: ii) one-third of average produce

e) Assertion (A): Descriptive roll. Reason (R): Made military structured.
Ans: iii) Both A and R true and R is correct explanation - Chehra system to stop cheating

2. Answer in One Word

Question	Answer
a) Hall of prayer	Ibadat Khana
b) Famous musician	Tansen
c) Abul Fazl's biography	Akbarnama
d) Persian poet	Faizi
e) Work by Tulsidas	Ramcharitmanas

3. Write Short Notes

a) Conquest of Gujarat: Won in 1572-73. Rich in sea trade. Akbar got sea ports and lot of wealth.

b) Council of ministers: 4 ministers - Vakil (PM), Wazir (Finance), Mir Bakhshi (Army), Chief Sadr (Justice). Emperor supreme.

c) Social reforms: Stopped Sati, allowed widow remarriage, stopped child marriage (16 boys, 14 girls), stopped slavery of women/children.

d) Ibadat Khana: House of prayer, built 1575 at Fatehpur Sikri. Called all religions - Hindu, Muslim, Jain, Buddhist, Sikh, Christian for discussion. Promoted tolerance.

e) Music: 36 musicians, 7 groups. Famous Tansen made Raag Darbari, improved Hindustani music.

4. Answer Briefly

a) Bairam Khan: Guardian of 13-year Akbar. Ruled as regent till 18. Won 2nd Battle of Panipat 1556.

b) Empire in 1605: Very big - Kashmir to Godavari, Gujarat to Bengal. Included Kabul, Kandahar, Malwa, Gondwana.

c) Centralised admin: Emperor supreme. 15 Subas > Sarkars > Parganas > Villages. Regular tours to check corruption. Met public in Diwan-i-Aam.

d) Conflict with Mewar: Maharana Pratap did not accept Akbar. Battle of Haldighati 1576 - Man Singh vs Pratap. Pratap lost but never surrendered.

e) Revenue helped peasants: Jarib measurement, 4 lands Polaj, Parauti, Chachar, Banjar. 1/3 of 10-year average, cash/kind, less revenue in drought, easy loans for seeds.

f) Architecture: Fusion Islamic + Rajput Hindu, red sandstone. Fatehpur Sikri - Buland Darwaza, Panch Mahal, Jodha Bai Mahal, Diwan-i-Khas/Aam, Salim Chishti tomb + Agra Fort.

5. Answer in Detail - Short Points

a) Relationship with Rajputs

First war then friendship. Gave high posts - Todar Mal, Man Singh. Married Jodha Bai (mother of Jahangir). Allowed Hindu festivals. Did not annex if they accepted Mughal rule. Got loyal Rajputs.

b) Mansabdari System

- Mansab = rank. Zat = personal rank, Savar = soldiers
- Highest 7000, lowest 10
- Paid by salary/jagir, not hereditary, went back to king after death
- Only emperor could appoint/promote
- Dagh = horse branding, Chehra = soldier description to stop cheating

c) Religious Policy

- Sulh-i-Kul = universal peace
- Removed Jizyah and pilgrimage tax
- Allowed Holi/Diwali, gave temples land and high posts to Hindus
- Ibadat Khana 1575, Mahzar 1579, Din-i-Ilahi 1582 - one God, no rituals, brotherhood
- Only Birbal accepted. Made secular state.

d) Land Revenue System

Name: Todar Mal's Bandobast / Dahsala / Zabti System
Features: 4 lands, Jarib measurement, 10-year average yield/price, 1/3 revenue, cash/kind, no oppression, loan for seeds, less revenue in drought.

e) Provincial & District Administration

Emperor (supreme) → 15 Subas (Subedar + Diwan) → Sarkars (districts) → Parganas (group of villages) → Villages (Panchayat). Hierarchical, each reported to senior. Governors transferred regularly.

6. Picture Study

a) Ruler: Akbar - The Great Mughal

b) Two innovations:
1. Mansabdari system
2. Dahsala / Zabti revenue system (Dagh-Chehra)

c) Two social reforms:
1. Stopped Sati, allowed widow remarriage
2. Stopped child marriage - age 16 boys, 14 girls

👑

Akbar Chapter - All Main Exercise Q&A | Short & Easy | Blogger Ready Code